Joris van Spilbergen in Valparaiso, 1615. View to the Bay of Valparaiso in 1830. Plano de la Bah a de Valpara so in 1838. View to the Bay of Valparaiso in 1906. The area is now Valparaiso was originally inhabited by monkeys, natives who were very good fishermen. Used for fishing rafts inflated leather sea lion with strong ties that bound and held with wooden slats.Known as Alia Aliamapu Mapudungun burned mapu ground) as told to the first Spanish settlers in the area. The first European contact with these lands was in 1536, when the advance of troops from Diego de Almagro, Cuenca Juan de Saavedra with a platoon of his men traveled from the Indian settlement of Cancanicagua (now San Felipe) to the Bay of Quintile finding in its bay to the ship “Santiaguillo” and baptized as his hometown, Valparaiso, in memory of his hometown of Valparaiso de Arriba (City of Carrascosa del Campo, Cuenca, Spain), named to that bay and Valparaiso. Another version states that the name comes from the soldiers of the navigator Juan Bautista Pastene gave the place when they arrived from the port of Callao: Paradise Valley. Pedro de Valdivia in 1544 confirmed his name calling it “Natural Port of Santiago de Nueva Extremadura.In 1559 he began to take shape an outline of city starting from a small chapel built at the current site of the Church of the Matrix. Before that, it was only place of call for ships from the Viceroyalty of Peru. From 1559 to 1615, English privateers and pirates and Dutchmen such as Sir Francis Drake, Thomas Cavendish, Richard Hawkins, Oliver Van Noort and Joris van Spielbergen plundered Valparaiso, capturing the gold sent from Peru. It was for this that the Governor of Chile, Onez Mart n Garc a de Loyola, in 1594 began construction of the first colonial fortified redoubt called the “Old Castle”, at the foot of the mountain artillery. Then he ordered the creation of the township of Valparaiso and in 1682 was declared “Military Plaza” with several strengths, such as “San Jose Castillo” in the Cordillera mountain, where the governor resided Square.During the second half of the eighteenth century exports from the port increased, highlighting products such as wine, tallow, hides and cheeses that were shipped to Peru. The importance acquired the port was also due to the arrival of ships from the metropolis. The increased activity was presented in summer to autumn and winter was closing by the frequent bad weather. Already in 1730 there were about 100 houses and 4 churches. In 1789 and 1791 constituted a Municipality which in 1802 succeeded the King Charles IV the royal decree which gave Valparaiso the title of “Ciudad de Nuestra Senora de las Mercedes de Puerto Sure.” From the nineteenth century, Chile, having already achieved its independence from Spain, began to arrive in Valparaiso immigrants from trading nations such as Germany, Britain, France and the United States, attracted by the trade and the opportunities of the southern hemisphere’s largest port, who built elegant and modern buildings based on architectural styles popular in their home countries.Along with this, schools were created such as the College of the Sacred Hearts of Valparaiso in 1837, founded by a religious congregation of French, this being the first private school in Latin America, still running, John Brown, American architect, built the building Customs Lucien Henault, French architect, built the church of French parents and Otto Anwandter, architect son of German immigrants, built the chocolate factory Hucke. In 1858 he inaugurated the Church of Saint Paul’s (Church of England). On 31 March 1866 the port was bombed as part of the war against Spain for the Spanish fleet under Admiral Casto M ndez N ez and composed of the frigates Numancia, Blanca, Villa de Madrid and Resolution and the schooner Winner.From Independence and Freedom of Commerce, Valparaiso was declared a free port, making stopover for the sea routes that came to the shores and islands of the Pacific from the Atlantic through the Strait of Magellan or Cape Horn route . The reconstruction after the earthquake of 1906 forced the architects to prefer wood to be more seismically stable. During this period, construction began on the current “plan” (plan does not mean the territory level under the hills, but, referring to the work plan to remove space at sea). In 2007 National Geographic NatGeo channel with a simulation represent an earthquake with the magnitude and effects of the earthquake in Valdivia in 1960 but in the cities of Valparaiso and its garden city, Vi a del Mar, which affect the regional government and therefore had to identify and map areas of safety and risk in the 2 cities and even in San Antonio in the Province of San Antonio in the same V Region of Valparaiso.