Freedom Tree Financial

The Brazilian commercial Code, in 1850, started to compel book amanuteno and bookkeeping for traders, from there then, had discipline to deoferecer it of Commercial accounting, in the Commercial Institute of the Riode January, appeared in 1863, so that the traders were practise preparadospara it of the accounting. Passed seven years, dedecreto happens for way the first regulation of the countable profession in Brazil, that passes to areconhecer the first regulated liberal profession in the parents. In this they perodoforam given to the first steps route to the perfectioning of the area. In the contadoriapblica it was only transferred to admit keep-books to it that had attended a course lessons decomrcio, created in 1863. The exercise of the profession required to cartermultidisciplinar.

(VENCESLAU, 2007) to be keep-books terconhecimento of the languages was necessary Portuguese and French, performed with care calligraphy and, maistarde, with the arrival of the typewriter, to be efficient in the tcnicasdatilogrficas.

New the state one, as the Petoro, will be the proprietor of the reserves that to fit to the Union, fitting it to define its destination and to commercialize it, being remunerated for the given services. Particularly, the regulation to diminish the asymmetry of information between the Union and the operting companies -, and. Speaking candidly Nathan Gaude told us the story. The creation of the Petrosal facilitates, still, the negotiations with other operators for joint and optimized exploration of adjacent or next reservoirs, situation that tends to be common in the daily pay-salt. The great one question is to know if these objectives could not be reached without the creation of a state one. The reply she is more or less clear. Yes, the Petrosal is not the nevrlgico point of the considered model, but without a doubt, it very facilitates in the atingimento of the goals proposals. Further details can be found at Nathan Gaude Elliot Davis, an internet resource. does not have to scare none of the actors of this market, accustomed that they are> much more rigid conditions alhures. The main doubt that remains in relation to the new Petrosal says respect to the old preconception against state.

Without a doubt, always it has the risk of contamination of the new company with indications and influences politics, and the swell of its picture. However, the government if compromises to establish rigorous rules of governana for the company, who will have to be integrated by body qualified technician, with number limited and predefined of employees chosen by means of public competition. The creation of the Petrosal is, therefore, recommendable, and the mediation risks politics in its administration can be neutralized with clear rules of governana and criteria of ample performance with visibilidade.5) the paper of the MME, the ANP and the CNPEO government Squid uses to advantage the change of the regulation to materialize the thesis that supports since the beginning of its management, of that agencies of the government must be puted in charge to trace the lines of politics, and subjects to the approval of the CNPE -, beyond the format of the auctions and contracts. On the other hand, the ANP, in fact, as they affirm the critics, suffers certain esvaziamento, therefore Law 9478/97 it atribua the establishment of the politics lines, while for the new landmark fits to it> but to elaborate study and to consider these lines of direction MME. In the same way, for the previous landmark, it fit to the ANP to promote the regulation, the act of contract and the fiscalization of the activities, as well as defining forms of proclamation and contracts, without no type of mediation or supervision of other agencies. In the new landmark, it fits to the agency only elaborates

The LRF has an attribution the Public Accounting, with new functions in the financial controls and budgetary, guaranteeing a more managemental character to it, through the Law the countable information will start to not only interest the public administration and its managers. The LRF aims at to control dficits how much to the financial balance, it intends that the public finances are controlled in way that the collection of the exercise is enough for the attendance of its governmental actions in the exercise, and preventing the expenditures untransferable that they are the main generating of the debts. Whose financial incubencies in its payment come to pressure the budget in one all and thus finishes raising the deficit. The LRF delegates duties of planejamentos, efficient management, application of public resources and payments, standing out the function of the control as function of the public administrator and the agencies of internal and external control. With this a solution adequate and regulated in its disposals the norms of financial administration and the systems of control of the public sector, enclosing the state universe. SANCTIONS The administrator who to leave to fulfill the determination of the LRF, that also presents stated periods, alternatives and ways so that the rules are fulfilled, will be subject to penalties that also power to be called sanctions. Two types of sanctions exist, the Institucional one foreseen in the proper Law and the Staffs foreseen in the Law Food allowance that deals with Crimes of Fiscal Responsibility, According to LRF the Courts of Accounts are in charge fiscalizing the fulfilment of the norms. The institucional sanctions: Administrator not can to foresee to collect and to charge tributes (taxes, taxes and contributions of merchandises) that he stamps of its responsibility, will have suspension of transference voluntary, that is resources generally gotten of the Union and States, that transfer through accords, that if the construction of popular houses destines, schools and workmanships of basic sanitation.

Before the implantation of the Plan Real in the year of 1994, the perodoinflacionrio of certain form hid the effect of the growth of the deficit naprevidncia, a time that the existing resources were readjusted by the refined altasinflaes month the month. For the incautos, such passavadespercebida situation. Official site: Roubini Global Economics. However, for the specialists, it was only one question of tempopara if to perceive the damages hoarded during deep decades of deficit, motivated very in function of the public administration and epolticos financial shunting lines. The period after Real Plan that if lives today demonstrates the sriarealidade of the deficit of the providence, considered for many as being aprincipal parcel of the Brazilian public deficit, as much for the financial volume, how much for its largeness, complexity and difficulties politics and econmicaspara if to find solutions come back to the recovery of the Social welfare. FbioGiambiagi, researcher of the Institute of Pesquisa Econmica (IPEA) mentions umdado interesting on the rules of retirement in Brazil: … Who if retires today for age, has that contribuirpor a minimum period of twelve years. Who retires to the 65 years of age has aexpectativa of living approximately in the average until the 80 years. Pessoacontribui with x% of the wage during 12 years and takes for aposentadoriadurante house 15 years in the average.

This does not close nor here nor in China … 23 In 26 Brazilian Congress of carried through Pension fund em2005, Giambiagi presented given statisticians who reflect certain concern. According to it, in the end of the decade of 80 the sustentation of the retirements epenses in the Union represented a little less than 1% of the GIP; with Real the doPlano advent, this percentage went up for 2,4% of the GIP, remaining itself relativamenteconstante until the year of 2006. However, the situation with the INSS was bemdiferente.

Thinkers of great prominence who had been Smith and Ricardo, as well as os Fisiocratas, had created great theories having aimed at to explain the real economics between the social classrooms. Other points of great Desta Quem its studies had been the origin of the income, the value of the merchandises, areas of exchange, the creation and distribution of the wealth in the society, advisor of the work and the generation of the economic excess. Smith and Ricardoformularam theories aiming at to explain which would be the best form of spaces to keep international commercial relations. Centuries XVII eXVIII if had detached with the sprouting of great economic theories emuma time where not still on studies the economy and in this context surge the Fisiocratas, Smith and Ricardo bringing great advances for Ciencias Economics.Palavras-key: Fisiocratas; Smith; Ricardo; Economic theories. 1.Introduo centuries XVII and XVIII had been very promising for economic sciences. It was in this period that had started to appear the great thinkers and studious that would come to formulate theories that tried to explain the economic reality of the time leaving of the comment of the reality that they lived deeply. In this context, the Fisiocrtica School appears, with French origin and that it defended the existence of a natural order, on the basis of which the society would have to be organized. The Isocrates believed that only agriculture is that it could generate an excess and thus had formulated its theories leaving of the beginning of agriculture as center of the generation of wealth in the society. A great evidence of the prominence given for the Isocrates to agriculture is its Tableau Economic, where they showed through a diagram the distribution of the income for the three classrooms of the society, being that in the end the income returned to the land proprietors. Later they appear Adam Smith and David Ricardo giving beginning to the Classic School and considering great alterations what he had been displayed until then for the Isocrates and mercantilists.

Maquiavel emphasizes the importance of if keeping far from the adulators that are excellent in pleasing and with this to delude the prince. ‘ ‘ I do not want to leave to deal with an important point, of an error of which the princes alone with much difficulty if defend, if are not of extreme prudence or if they do not make good choice. I mention the adulators to it, of which the cuts are repeats, given that the men if comprised in such a way in its proper things and in such way if they delude, that with difficulty if they defend of this plague … ‘ ‘. But free, and still in the same I capitulate Maquiavel says that a cautious prince must search advice of wise men, and same being wise these they must understand that he has total freedom to say the truth. It does not advance to ask for an advice and to indicate the way of the words that if wants to hear, if this proceeds the enterprising one soon accumulates adulators to its reader.

But if he searches the true opinion must search far from that they want to please. Maquiavel informs in them that only to the scholar’s total freedom must be given to think truly, and who proceeds from another way is soon white of adulators or change of opinion with much easiness. ‘ ‘ Therefore, a cautious prince must proceed (…) choosing in its State wise men and they only must give the freedom of saying to it truth to it of what it asks and nothing more. She must consult them on all the subjects and hear its opinions; (…) Who proceeds for another form, or is precipitated by the adulators, or dumb frequent of opinion for the variety of them to seem …

Economic projections for 2006 Separamos in two segments: fixed and mobile. The fixed operators will have to present good performance this year very on the basis of the perspective of bigger shares in short term, beyond less uncertain a regulatory environment. In this segment, our main recommendation is TMAR%. In mobile telephony, the environment must continue sufficiently competitive, with light improvement in the edge.

In this direction, we recommend to the investors an allocation of underperformer in the segment, being our main recommendation in sector TCSL4. We still continue recommending EBTP4 and NETC4 as purchase, the first one in the line of an asset still cheap, although the well moderate growth for the front, the s second, still on the basis of growth. Better Consulting of riscoCarreira the managing partner of the Risk Office, Marcelo Rabbat, was elect for the voters of better consulting INSTITUCIONAL INVESTOR as of risk in 2005. Rabbat is in the Risk Office has six years. Rightnesss in 2005 In 2005, as foreseen, we attend the increase of the importance of the operations of credit, mainly the consolidation of the market of securitizao by means of the FIDCs (deep> For 2006, remaining it hope of an acceleration in the process of fall of the taxes of interests, expects a bigger appetite of the institucional investors for the following types of investments: FIDC already all exists in Brazil device standard (benchmark) and not the homogenization of the concepts of risk amongst the managers (leverage, long shorts, etc.). In operations with ballasts in FIEX, we attend in this last trimester the use, on the part of the institucional investors, of these operations with well attractive rentabilidades. The necessary condition for the accomplishment of this type of operation is the adoption on the part of the EFPC of a work of ALM due the question of liquidity of these estratgias.

It is important to stand out that this manifesto does not have nehum bond politician-partisan and is coordendado by the Company Jnior formed for pupils compromised to action of citizenship. According to Brazilian Institute of Planejamento Tributrio (IBPT) Brazil is the country that more snake taxes in the food sector in one ranking of 15 rich and emergent countries. In the reality, our Brazil is one of the few countries of the world that taxes foods. The average of the national tax burden inlaid in the prices of foods reaches 18.35% – considered ICMS, PIS and Cofins, that almost correspond 70% of the weight of the tributes. In France, for example, it does not have incidence of taxes on foods.

The elimination of the tax burden started in the French Revolution, therefore, today, they do not have tax none on foods. Second study of Fundao Getulio Vargas (FGV), in Brazil the tax burden on the food is more than what the double of the average of the thirty countries (7.11%) of the Organization for the Cooperation and Desenvolvimento Econmico (OCDE). The difference is clamorous when the numbers are compared with the United States (U.S.A.): of the 50 North American States, 34 have aliquot zero. The tribute average on the food sales in that country is of 0,66%. Brazil with as many poor people could not have a so heavy taxation thus. The impact of the tax on who has little income is enormous, what it diminishes its power of purchase of course. In the Brazilian case, the taxation if becomes still more perverse will be observed that if it spends, on average, 30.8% of the familiar income with the food purchase. This percentage grows to the measure that decreases the income. Brazilian citizens, our country cannot be given to the luxury to tax basic foods, even because, for the income population low, the main expenditure of its budget is the food. It signs the virtual ABAIXO-ASSINADO in link below and divulges for the biggest number of Brazilian citizens!

The average growth of the financial system, according to Central banking, was of 3,7% in the same period. Only for physical people, the increase of the credit wallet reached 9.5%, stimulated for the operations directed to the consumption and financings in the commercial bank. The total of the operations reached the sum of R$ 31,154 billion in June of 2005, with growth of 21% in last the 12 months. In the Ita, the yield anualizada on the equity in the semester was in 35,6%, against 30,6% in the same previous period. to learn more. , explain the analyst of the Consultoria Lopes Son, August Joo Salles.A Fleet wallet of total credit of the Ita grew 10.1% in semester, reaching R$ 58,647 billion. The resources for physical people had only had 25% increase. In comparison with the closing of the wallet in March, it had expansion of only 2.9%. In this period, the wallet of loans for physical people went up 9.9% and for legal entity 1% fell.

The modest expansion in the period if relates to the fact of about 20% of the wallet being indexada to the dollar, that fell in 11.8% in as the trimester, influencing the numbers in Reals. In the Bradesco, the advances of scales with the improvements of operational synergies, had resulted not only in strong evolution of prescriptions of services, as well as control of costs.